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| Using Bio Fertilizer and Compost
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USING COMPOST
| USES
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Gardens
Land Scapes
New lawns
Lawn repair
Shrubs and trees
Vegetable gardens
Flower gardens
Mulching
Add organic matter
Lighten and aerate clay soil
Give body to sandy soil
Increase fertilization retention
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You can apply compost to any garden bed once or twice a year—there is little if any danger of
overusing compost. To improve the structure and fertility of poor soil quickly, give it a thorough
compost treatment in the fall. Spade it 12 to 18 inches deep. Vegetable gardens: Put compost in the
furrows when you sow seeds and in the holes when transplanting seedlings. When the plants begin to
grow rapidly, mix compost with equal amounts of soil and spread it on top of the soil. Flower beds:
Apply an inch-thick layer of finely screened compost as a mulch around all flowering plants when
they come up in spring. Rose bushes: When hilling up the soil around rose bushes for winter
protection, mix plenty of compost with the soil—the roses will get a better start the following
spring. Lawns: To renovate an old patchy lawn, dig up the bare spots about 2 inches deep, work in
plenty of compost, tamp and rake well, and sow your seed after soaking the patches well. Containers:
Twice a year, scratch an inch or so of compost into the soil in pots where houseplants and others
are growing.
Adapted from new, revised edition of The Rodale Book of Composting, Rodale Press, 1992.
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Composting / USING COMPOST
The final stage of composting is using the finished product. The next stage is wishing
you had more of it. Your compost should be ready for use anytime between four months
and two years from when you began composting. You know you have finished compost when
it is dark in colour, crumbly but not powdered and smells earthy. These are indications
that the compost has stabilized - or matured - and that the original raw organic
material has been converted into nutrient-rich humus. If you wish, a simple pH test
kit can give you an indication of maturity. Finished compost is in the neutral range.
Compost is classified as a soil conditioner rather than a fertilizer. To be classified
as a fertilizer it would have to have higher levels of nitrogen, potassium and
phosphorous. Finished compost does add these elements, and others, but tends to
release them over a longer period of time than chemical fertilizers.
As well, compost adds organic material to the soil, increases permeability of clay
soils and increases water-holding capacity of sandy soils, promotes root growth and
creates spaces for air and water.
Finished compost is usually found at or near the bottom and centre of the compost bin.
For many applications it is desirable to screen the compost through a one-half-inch
mesh before using it. Material that doesn't fall through the screen can be thrown back
into the bin for further composting or used as mulch.
The early spring is the best time to add large volumes of compost to the garden. It
can be dug into the top six inches of the soil. By mixing the organic matter with the
slowly warming earth, it supplies nourishment just in time for planting. Screened
compost can be used with an equal volume of soil and sand for a seedling mixture.
Use it straight up for a top dressing on potted plants and patio container gardens.
For containers and hanging baskets use one third compost, one third potting soil and
one third vermiculite or perlite.
Ways to Use Compost
Top Dressing
Top dressing is placing compost on the soil around the bottoms of flowers, vegetables,
shrubs, and trees, leaving the stem free for air to circulate. With larger trees, the
compost can be placed on top of the soil six inches from the tree's trunk to just
beyond the drip line. Aerate the lawn in the spring by pulling cores (machine or hand
tool) then rake 5 cm of screened compost over the lawn surface.
Mulching
Mulching is similar to top dressing. The compost or other organic material is placed
on the soil to finish breaking down. Aside from adding organic material, mulching
helps retain moisture in the soil, smothers weeds and inhibits soil compaction. Be
sure to remove weeds before mulching. Grass clippings left on the lawn as a mulch
will help retain moisture and provide nutrients.
Transplanting
Dig a hole twice the size of the root ball, mix compost with an equal part of topsoil
and fill in around the root ball, tamping the mixture just enough to eliminate air
pockets. Water gently.
Compost Tea
Fill a cloth bag with a litre of compost. Tie the bag and soak in a garbage can full
of water. Let it steep overnight and pour the "tea" into the soil for your plants. If
you let the compost steep longer than overnight, the water may need to be diluted
before pouring.
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Directions For Use
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Soil-less Mixtures: Mix 2 to 4 pounds of Bio Fertilizer per cubic yard of soil-less mix.
Containers: For all uses of BioFertilizer, water must be applied to initiate microbial activity and breakdown of the fertilizer pellets.
Field Use: Apply 200 to 500 pounds of BioFertilizer per acre (adjacent to crop). Best if tilled into the soil.
For all uses of BioFertilizer, water must be applied to initiate microbial activity and breakdown of the pellets
Activation: 1 part of sugar disolved in water into 100 parts of bio fertilizer could be applied to acelerate the activation of the microbial activity .
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Varieties of Crops |
Use Volume |
Usage |
Advantages |
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Teak, orange, persimmon, litchi, longyan, mango, pear,
peach |
1 years old tree; 0.5kg per tree twice a year
2 years ; 1 kg per tree twice a year
3-5 years ; 5 kg per tree twice a year
Very old trees; Apply more in accordance with specific
conditions |
According to the size of the crown, make furrows along
the drip line, 20-25cm deep, apply the fertilizer into
the furrow then fill up. It's suitable for fruit trees
after fruit stage or before flower stage. Once half a
year, also available in other stages if necessary. Mustn't
dissolve the fertilizer in water; Mix it with farm manure
for better result. |
1.
keeps a full stand of flowers and fruits
2. Increases production, improves quality. Makes fruits
(be) fine-looking. Bright-colored, lustrous, tasty, and
have a really market.
3. goes on market |
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Watermelon, balsam pear, towel gourd, fresh Rodney beans,
eggplant, wax gourd, tomato, potato, sweet potato, strawberry,
Chinese cabbage, cauliflower, radish, pumpkin etc. |
150 kg of the product each hectare in high productive
area, once season
120 kg of the product each hectare in ordinary productive
area, once a season
Rationally apply more to those needs badly |
1. Application in digs, application in holes
After raking the land smooth, make a furrow, apply fertilizer
into the furrow. Be sure to sow seeds or grow young plants
after mixing up the fertilizer and the soil.
2. Additional application
Apply additional fertilizer at one side of the root system
or into the furrow, and then fill up.
3. Mixed Application
Mix up farmyard manure and a few fertilizers for better
result.
4. Early Application
Before sowing and growing, apply fertilizer to the soil
days earlier if possible for good effect.
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It's just the very fertilizer without environment pollution
for modern organic agriculture. |
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Peanut, Soybean, Rape |
60-80 kg of the product each hectare
Advantages:
Offers high yields
Makes higher oil content a reality |
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Tobacco |
80kg of the product each hectare |
Apply fertilizer into the hole, mix it with the soil,
grow young tobacco, without topdressing any more. |
Increases production and grade;
Accelerates ripening;
Helps to resist diseases. |
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Paddy Rice |
50-70kg of the product each hectare |
Apply 5kg urea, while raking the paddy field. After raking,
distribute the fertilizer well immediately, then transplant
or throw rice seedling without any top application later. |
Increases
production and quality dearly.
Accelerates ripening 7 days before hand without lodging.
Non application or applying a little. |
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Wheat Corn |
50-70kg of the product each hectare |
Spread the seeds together with the base fertilizer over
the field, or sow seeds after application. Be sure to
apply urea without topdressing any more. |
Increases
production and quality.
Makes the rice with strong resistance to lodging and diseases. |
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Sweet Potato |
80-100kg of the product each hectare |
8-15 days after furrow application and transplanting。 |
Increases
production and improve quality. Strengthen disease resistance. |
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Flowers and plants |
50-100kg per pot, twice or three times a year. The use
volume is in accordance with different types. |
Take out some soil of 3-5cm with an ash spoon, well distribute
the fertilizer, and then fill up. Keep the soil damp. |
Helps
flowers to absorb nutrient.
Helps to fight against unfavorable factors, Accelerates
flowering;
Lengthen flower stage;
Keeps Flowers bright colored |
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Tea |
150-200kg
of the product each hectare in high productive tea plantation
twice a year, around the Winter Solstice and the summer
solstice. |
Apply fertilizer into the 10-15cm deep furrow along the
crown, and then fill up. |
Accelerates
sprouting
Increases tea yields
Improves the quality of tea. |
To find a good-quality compost product, use your senses before you buy.
Feel the texture. Must be granular and loose enough to spread and into your garden easily.
Look at the color. Should be brown or almost black in color. Avoid products that are light in color because
they contains few organic matter and too much soil. If the compost os dry you can see the real color.
Lift. Compost should be moist, not dry or soggy. One of compost's biggest benefits, once it's in the soil, is that it can hold up to 2 1/2 times its weight in water. But in bagged products, excess moisture makes the compost difficult to spread. It also means that if the compost is sold in 40-pound bags (as most of them are) and you buy a wet product, you'll be paying for water, not compost. (Hefting a bag will give you a good idea of its moisture content. If it feels like a big glob, the compost is probably too wet; if it feels loose, it is probably drier.)
Smell. Compost will not have a nice smell, but the plastic bags help to keep a good odor.
It is normal that composts have a woody, or barnyard odor when you first open them.
Avoid any products that have a strong ammonia smell
because indicates that is immature. If the stores not let you inspect the bag before you buy it,
dont do it or just buy the minimum quantity to try it before.)
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